Role-Based Access Control
Role-based access control (RBAC) refers to the idea of assigning permissions to users based on their role within an organization. It offers a simple, manageable approach to access management that is less prone to error than assigning permissions to users individually.
When using RBAC for Role Management, you analyze the needs of your users and group them into roles based on common responsibilities. You then assign one or more roles to each user and one or more permissions to each role. The user-role and role-permissions relationships make it simple to perform user assignments since users no longer need to be managed individually, but instead have privileges that conform to the permissions assigned to their role(s).
For example, if you were using RBAC to control access for an HR application, you could give HR managers a role that allows them to update employee details, while other employees would be able to view only their own details.
When planning your access control strategy, it's best practice to assign users the fewest number of permissions that allow them to get their work done.
For a more robust authorization model, review Fine-Grained Authorization (FGA) for attribute-based and relationship-based authorization.
Benefits of RBAC
With RBAC, access management is easier as long as you adhere strictly to the role requirements. RBAC helps you:
create systematic, repeatable assignment of permissions
easily audit user privileges and correct identified issues
quickly add and change roles, as well as implement them across APIs
cut down on the potential for error when assigning user permissions
integrate third-party users by giving them pre-defined roles
more effectively comply with regulatory and statutory requirements for confidentiality and privacy
RBAC Model
Roles
Essentially, a role is a collection of permissions that you can apply to users. Using roles makes it easier to add, remove, and adjust permissions than assigning permissions to users individually. As your user base increases in scale and complexity, roles become particularly useful.
You can also use roles to collect permissions defined for various APIs. For example, say you have a marketing module that allows users to create and distribute newsletters to customers. Your marketing content specialist creates all of the newsletters and prepares them for distribution. Similarly, you have an event module that allows users to create, publish, and manage event registration. Your event coordinator creates the events. Once the VP of Marketing approves the newsletters and events, their assistant publishes the events and distributes the newsletters. In this case, your Newsletter API could have a distribute:newsletters permission and your Event API could have a publish:events permission. These permissions could then be gathered into a role called Marketing Publisher and assigned to the VP of Marketing's assistant.
In addition, Organization-specific roles can be added to Organization members and used to allow access in your application based on the organizations with which an end-user is logging in. This is particularly useful when supporting multi-tenant & SaaS products, where a particular user might have a privileged role in one organization, but not in others.
Overlapping role assignments
RBAC is an additive model, so if you have overlapping role assignments, your effective permissions are the union of your role assignments.
For example, let's say you have an API that provides data for an event application. You create a role of Organizer and assign it permissions that allow it to view, create, and edit events. You also create a role of Registrant and assign it permissions that allow it to view and register for events. Any users with both Organizer and Registrant roles will be able to view, create, edit, and register for events.
Role-based access control in Auth0
Currently, we provide two ways of implementing role-based access control (RBAC), which you can use in place of or in combination with your API's own internal access control system:
We are expanding our Authorization Core feature set to match the functionality of the Authorization Extension. Our new core RBAC implementation improves performance and scalability and will eventually provide a more flexible RBAC system than the Authorization Extension.
For now, both implement the key features of RBAC and allow you to restrict the custom scopes defined for an API to those that have been assigned to the user as permissions. For a comparison, see Authorization Core vs. Authorization Extension.
The Authorization Core feature set and Authorization Extension are completely separate features. To manage groups, roles, or permissions, you need to use the feature they were originally created in.
Although the Delegated Administration Extension (DAE) and the Authorization Core feature set are completely separate features, you can use the Authorization Core feature set to create and manage roles for the DAE using Actions. To learn how, see Sample Use Cases: Actions with Authorization.
Extending RBAC
You can provide more control by using rules to restrict access based on a combination of attributes, such as user department, time of day, location of access, or any other user or API attribute (for example, username, security clearance, or API name).
For more info about using rules with authorization policies, see Rules with Authorization Policies.